When reliability
is not negotiable.

A sailing crew working the winches at sunset, other yachts racing behind

A negotiation may produce an agreement and still fail.

Outcomes depend not only on individual skill at the table, but on how negotiations are prepared, mandated, conducted, implemented and learned from.

Marchi Negotiation Advisory helps organisations operating in demanding environments build negotiation as an organisational capability.

The problem

Most negotiation approaches concentrate on what happens at the table.

Marchi Negotiation Advisory takes a broader view, because the causes of failure often sit elsewhere:

  1. 01Information does not circulate.
  2. 02Mandates remain unclear.
  3. 03Internal stakeholders are not aligned.
  4. 04Commitments prove impossible to implement.
  5. 05Lessons disappear once the negotiation is over.
Approach

Highly Reliable Negotiation Framework — HRNF®

For decades, negotiation has asked one question:

How can individuals negotiate better?

HRNF asks a different one:

How can organisations negotiate more reliably?

The framework takes its name from High-Reliability Organisations: aircraft carriers, air-traffic control, nuclear power plants. They do not rely on exceptional individuals, and they do not eliminate error. They build the capacity to anticipate it, detect it, absorb it and learn from it through routines, shared memory and clear ownership.

HRNF® applies the same principle to negotiation. Reliability is not expected from the talent of a single negotiator; it is designed into the way an organisation prepares, mandates, conducts, implements and learns, around five core principles:

  • Preoccupation with failurestructured debriefing
  • Reluctance to simplifydiagnostic rigour
  • Sensitivity to operationsimplementation monitoring
  • Commitment to resiliencefallback design
  • Deference to expertisemandates based on competence, not rank
123456 RELIABILITY CYCLE HRNF · 6 PHASES

Reliability is a cycle.

A negotiation does not end at the table. Each phase affects the next, and what an organisation learns from one negotiation shapes the next one.

1 2 3 4 5 Diagnosis Preparation Negotiation Implementation Evaluation Capitalisation
Illustrative diagnostic profile · Scale from 1 (never) to 5 (always).
HRNF Reliability Snapshot

How reliably does your organisation negotiate?

Twelve questions, about four minutes. See an indicative profile of your organisation across the six phases of the negotiation cycle.

Take the Snapshot
Services

Ways of working along the negotiation cycle.

Each service can be engaged on its own; most engagements combine two or more.

HRNF Diagnostic

See where your negotiation system creates reliability, and where it loses it.

For
Organisations reviewing how they negotiate, or preparing a major negotiation programme.
What you get
The Negotiation Reliability Diagnostic (NRD) across the teams involved, complemented by interviews; a profile across the six phases of the cycle; a written report and a restitution workshop with clear priorities.
Format
4–6 weeks.

HRNF Academy

Executive education for teams that negotiate under pressure, uncertainty and scrutiny.

For
Negotiation teams, managers, diplomats and public officials.
What you get
Programmes built on the HRNF cycle, combining conceptual frameworks, simulations, case analysis and participants’ own negotiation experience. In-house or within partner institutions.
Format
From one-day workshops to modular programmes over several months.

HRNF Advisory

Support for a specific high-stakes negotiation, before, during and after the table.

For
Leadership and negotiation teams facing a critical negotiation.
What you get
Reading of the negotiation environment, mandate design, preparation, scenarios and red lines, support during the process, implementation follow-up and an after-action review.
Format
Tailored to the negotiation; strictly confidential.

HRNF Governance

Make negotiation reliability part of how the organisation works.

For
Organisations that negotiate repeatedly and cannot afford to depend on a few individuals.
What you get
Mandate frameworks, preparation and debriefing routines, capitalisation systems and negotiation playbooks, designed with your teams and embedded in existing processes.
Format
3–12 months.

Mediation

Structured processes for managing disagreement when interests, perceptions and relationships diverge.

For
Organisations, partnerships and institutions facing a dispute or a blocked negotiation.
What you get
An accredited mediator (CEDR), a structured process and a confidential space to rebuild an agreement.
Format
From a single session to a full mediation process.

How engagements work

Every engagement is led personally by Francesco Marchi, with selected experts when the work requires it. Client relationships are confidential: we do not publish client names, and discussions follow the Chatham House Rule.

Sectors

Corporate negotiation · International & European affairs · Public institutions · Mediation

Research foundations

HRNF builds on a line of research that treats negotiation as an organisational capability rather than an individual skill, and on the study of organisations that manage risk reliably.

Research is not separate from practice. It is how the practice is questioned, tested and improved.

Negotiation as an organisational capability

  • Ertel, D. (1999). Turning negotiation into a corporate capability. Harvard Business Review.
  • Ertel, D. (2004). Getting past yes: Negotiating as if implementation mattered. Harvard Business Review.
  • Movius, H., & Susskind, L. (2009). Built to Win: Creating a World-Class Negotiating Organization. Harvard Business Press.
  • Lempereur, A., & Colson, A. (2010). The First Move: A Negotiator’s Companion. Wiley.
  • Borbély, A., & Caputo, A. (2017). Approaching negotiation at the organizational level. Negotiation and Conflict Management Research.

High reliability and organisational learning

  • Argyris, C., & Schön, D. A. (1978). Organizational Learning: A Theory of Action Perspective. Addison-Wesley.
  • Rochlin, G. I., La Porte, T. R., & Roberts, K. H. (1987). The self-designing high-reliability organization. Naval War College Review.
  • Levitt, B., & March, J. G. (1988). Organizational learning. Annual Review of Sociology.
  • Weick, K. E., & Sutcliffe, K. M. (2007). Managing the Unexpected. Jossey-Bass.

Recent work

  • Marchi, F. (2025). Beyond Trust: Why Negotiation Needs a Reliability Compass. Working paper, SSRN.

Publications & media

Publications

  • Paper · 2025 Beyond Trust: Why Negotiation Needs a Reliability Compass SSRN, October 2025 · Read on SSRN
  • Book · 2022 Metodo di negoziazione. Dal Principe di Machiavelli all’era della globalizzazione With Alain Lempereur and Aurélien Colson · Preface by Fulvio Attinà · Rubbettino · Publisher’s page
  • Book · 2015 The Convention on the Future of Europe: How States Behave in a New Institutional Context of Negotiation P.I.E. Peter Lang, Brussels · Euroclio, vol. 87 · Publisher’s page
  • Article · 2014 The Case of the Convention on the Future of Europe: A New Method of Negotiating or Simply “Déjà Vu”? Négociations, no. 21 · Cairn
  • Working paper · 2014 Employee Representatives in France: Employers’ Perceptions and Expectations Towards Improved Industrial Relations With Aurélien Colson and Patricia Elgoibar · ESSEC Business School Working Paper 1407 · Read on SSRN
  • Interview Practitioner Interview with Francesco Marchi Journal for Global Negotiation · Read
  • Interview · 2016 When Political Scientists Meet EU Negotiation and Negotiators Italian Political Science, 11(1), 30–34 · Read

Interviews & talks

  • Podcast · 2026 Beyond the Negotiating Table: How We Learn to Manage Conflicts Si Vis Pacem Podcast, Episode 3, LSE IDEAS · Interview by Giulia Grillo · Watch on YouTube
  • Video · 2025 Interview with Marko Čadež Čadež Talk, Euronews Serbia · Watch on YouTube
  • Video Negotiation as an organisational capability Interview by Remi Smolinsky · Watch on YouTube
About

Francesco Marchi

Portrait of Francesco Marchi

Francesco Marchi (PhD) is a researcher, negotiation practitioner and educator based in Paris.

He teaches negotiation at Sciences Po, the College of Europe, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, ENSTA Polytechnique, INSP and the ITC-ILO in Turin.

For two decades he has worked with diplomatic services, EU institutions, industrial groups and public administrations on negotiations ranging from multilateral processes to corporate partnerships and internal change. He has advised and trained in some 20 countries, from Africa to the Middle East and South-East Asia.

He holds a PhD in Political Science from Sciences Po and is a CEDR-accredited mediator.

His research focuses on negotiation reliability: how organisations prepare, conduct, implement and learn from negotiations under complexity and uncertainty.

He is the founder and President of the European Negotiation Association (ENEA).

Contact

Discuss a negotiation challenge

For executive education, advisory work, research collaboration or institutional enquiries:

Francesco MarchiMarchi Negotiation AdvisoryParis · France